Resurrection
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Having followed some of the forum discussions for some time now, I think that my key concern is that the ‘Future of the People of God’ conference should highlight the place of the resurrection of Jesus in its debate/thinking/discussion. Much has been made recently of the suffering of Jesus - most probably prompted by Mel Gibson’s film, and the forum dicussions demonstrate people’s ongoing concern about the theology of the atonement in the emerging church debate. However, we need to emphasise the reality that the gospel and the Christian faith - according to St. Paul - stands or falls on the resurrection of Jesus. The first disciples proclaimed the resurrection of Jesus as ‘the’ event that has changed the world. The Lordship of Jesus - and his messiahship and divinity, are proclaimed on the basis of the resurrection. I recently heard a leading figure in the Evangelical Alliance address a conference on the key issues that unite evangelicals today. Not one mention was made of the resurrection! This may be typical of evangelicaism today (or may not). Perhaps for too long we have emphasised the cross, sin, atonement to the exclusion of the resurrection. Understanding the resurrection seems to have formed the backbone of the mission of the New Testament Church. Every time they declared Jesus as God, Lord or Christ they were proclaiming that He had been raised from the dead. NTW clearly demonstrates in ‘the Resurrection of the Son of God’ the primary role that the resurrection held for the New Testament writers and early believers. Why so little discussion today? What difference would it make to the gospel we proclaim if we took a leaf out of the Apostles’ book and insisted in proclaiming the resurrection as the central plank of ‘the gospel’? |
Comments
Curious on one verse
I’d love to hear your take/integration on Paul’s statement or Romans 4:25, “He who was delivered up because of our transgressions, and was raised because of our justification.” I know you were looking for a more “practical” take on the Resurrection - just curious on the impact this verse has on the theology of the Resurrection.
Romans 4.25
“Yeshua, who was delivered over to death because of our offences and raised to life in order to make us righteous”
(from the “Complete Jewish Bible”)
Because of our offences, a punishment was required; Yeshua (Jesus) was the person who took that punishment in our place. As the only person to be righteous (in his own right), because he never sinned, he was the only person able to do that. That intercessory act removed our punishment, but in itself, did not place us back into right relationship (righteousness) with the Father. In accounting terms, (and if you look at the context, Paul was speaking precisely in accounting terms) it paid our overdraft, but did nothing to credit our account (to place us in right relationsip with God).
The ressurection, however, credited us with being in right relationship to God, something we could never have brought about by our actions, per se. In accounting terms, in effect, it said, the account is now paid and you can draw constantly upon it for every requirement, including forgiveness for sins and life for overcoming…
(I know that’s not the main thread of the arguments you’re pursuing here, but perhaps someone may find it helpful)
A couple of thoughts on the resurrection
I would like to pick up on a couple of points that have been made so far in
this thread. First, OneOfMany:
…perhaps a study of the resurrection will not only bring the powerful episode back to our thinking, but also lead us to a different emphasis on God.
I am inclined to agree with this. One thought that comes to mind is that the
resurrection is a demonstration of the righteousness or faithfulness of God
towards those who trust him – and of the extreme faithfulness of God
towards those who trust him in extreme circumstances. On the cross Jesus
quotes Psalm 22:1: ‘My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?’ But the psalm
moves beyond the fear and uncertainty i) to a reaffirmation of trust in God
(22-24), who ‘has not despised or abhorred the affliction of the afflicted’; ii)
to worship (25-29) – Edward makes this point with reference to Luke 24:52; and
iii) to a proclamation of ‘his righteousness to a people yet unborn’ (30-31).
I will tell of your name to my brothers; in the midst of the congregation I will praise you: 23 You who fear the LORD, praise him! All you offspring of Jacob, glorify him, and stand in awe of him, all you offspring of Israel! 24 For he has not despised or abhorred the affliction of the afflicted, and he has not hidden his face from him, but has heard, when he cried to him.
25 From you comes my praise in the great congregation; my vows I will perform before those who fear him. 26 The afflicted shall eat and be satisfied; those who seek him shall praise the LORD! May your hearts live forever! 27 All the ends of the earth shall remember and turn to the LORD, and all the families of the nations shall worship before you. 28 For kingship belongs to the LORD, and he rules over the nations. 29 All the prosperous of the earth eat and worship; before him shall bow all who go down to the dust, even the one who could not keep himself alive.
30 Posterity shall serve him; it shall be told of the Lord to the coming generation; 31 they shall come and proclaim his righteousness to a people yet unborn, that he has done it.
The
whole psalm is a perfect commentary on the cross and resurrection, which Jesus
of course understood; but it is also very much a celebration of the God who does
not abandon his people in their darkest moments.
I wonder, though, whether the resurrection, at least as it has usually been
understood, does not present a particular problem for the emerging church. We
have become rather suspicious of myth (by which I mean a narrative about the
supramundane, regardless of whether we believe it to be true or not) because
myth is a privileged form of narrative: it is difficult to hold it accountable.
Gibson’s film depicted something that happened inside the tomb – we miss the
actual moment of the body leaving the grave cloths only by seconds. The Gospels
do not attempt to do this: the resurrection is presented not directly but
through the often ambiguous and confused testimonies of those who believed that
they had seen the risen Lord. To recognize and make room for this degree of
subjectivity and uncertainty is already a distinctly postmodern move and may
prove to be a key element in our rethinking of the resurrection. I would also
suggest that we need to understand the significance of the resurrection of Jesus
within the context of Jewish apocalypticism – less as a universal event that
somewhat incidentally took place in first century Judea, more as an event within
the particular, limited, contingent story about Israel under Roman rule, which
is, as Tom Wright insists, the heart of New Testament eschatology.
The scope of the resurrection
Edward wrote:
[The resurrection] is the crowning event of the
new creation that has consequences for the whole world and most certainly for followers of Jesus.
Yes for the followers of Jesus; not so sure about the whole world -
at least, I think this aspect of it needs to be thought through more carefully.
If we are going to speak of the resurrection as inaugurating a ‘new creation’,
how exactly are we using the term? Is it simply a metaphor for the renewal of
the people of God (cf. Ezek.36:33-36)? Or does it refer to something more
‘real’, some sort of change in the cosmic order? If we mean the latter, how
are we to speak about it meaningfully and publicly? Where is the evidence for
it?
Certainly we must say that the resurrection is critical for faith,
but I am still inclined to think that it remains primarily something that God
has done for Israel and for the sake of his own honour. If Jesus’ resurrection
is fundamentally about vindication, the renewal of the covenant community in
him, and the justification of a God who did not abandon his servant to death, I
wonder whether we are right to suppose that it has immediate cosmological
implications - such that we might draw from it particular political and
environmental conclusions. Colossians 1:15-20 is interesting in this regard:
Christ is ‘first-born of all creation’, the one through whom all things were
created; but by virtue of the resurrection he is ‘first-born from the
dead’, which suggests that the resurrection is more an anticipation of a
general resurrection (cf. 1 Cor.15:22-23) than a turning-point in the present
creation.
So what does it mean to proclaim that Jesus has been raised from the
dead? It means that God really has acted to rescue his people from the
consequences of their rebellion; it means that God really has defeated Israel’s
enemies, supremely satan and death; it means that those who are ‘in’ this
crucified and resurrected messiah do not need to fear death; it means that
Christ and not Caesar or the principalities and powers rules over the church and
will rule over the whole world.
Does it have practical implications? i) It is crucial to the
story-line that accounts for the renewal of Israel. ii) It means that Christ has
become determinative for, sets the agenda for, defines the boundaries
of the disciple’s relationship to the Father. iii) We as the people of God
have the Spirit of the risen Lord - a major practical consequence! iv)
We are in a position to take very seriously the prospect of a future collective
resurrection.
I have a hunch, though, that these will still not be practical enough
for you. If so, what exactly are you looking for? What do you feel is inadequate
about the emerging church’s understanding of the resurrection? Do we need to see
the resurrection as being somehow a bigger event than this sort of
language implies?
Stay on it!
Edward, you wrote:
I remain with my view that unless the emerging church reconsiders its theology of salvation - highlighting the resurrection alongside and at least equal too if not more significant than the cross and the suffering of Jesus - then the cause is lost and the emerging church remains in exile.
I don’t know that I can track fully with you on this. I agree that the emerging church does not place much on the resurrection, but “lost in exile” seems to be an overly strong statement, historically. The Eastern churches have place quite a bit of emphasis on the Resurrection with the West staying at the cross. I would suggest digging into some Eastern writers for more “worked-out” thoughts on the Res. But “lost in exile” would imply that the Western churches have been in exile since the East-West split. I’m not going to deny that idea, necessarily. Only point out the implications of your statement. I’m curious to know if you think it goes that far.
However!, after reading your posts I have found that I read my Bible differently these days. I did not pay much attention to early Acts having the Apostles preaching “the Res. of Jesus” (Acts. 3ff). Thanks for tuning my eyes to see this!
I don’t know that I’d agree with Andrew’s idea of God vindicating Himself with/for Israel. Mainly because I don’t think they understood that it was coming, as evidenced by their lack of Messiah-death theologies (as seen in the Bible texts as well as their Midrash and other writings). Not that their expectation(s) is all that matters. But I think that God understood He was doing something unique, albeit, hinted at in the Prophets (much easier to see it post Resurrection!). But I put a different emphasis on Israel than Andrew does.
Practical implications: most Western Christians, I would fear, are afraid of the mystical/fairy-tale feeling of the Resurrection. I think they are ashamed of how un-natural it is, compared to the universal experience of death. Further, I think the Cross allows us (Western Christians) to continue to emphasize the negative, sin-induced aspects of humans. It allows us to concurrently down-judge others while non-directly highlighting our own rise. Maybe that’s part of why there is so little celebration, but much rewarding in our culture at-large (also in the churches). Personally, I think on of the immediate applications of the Res. is that (1) God is to be the source of my attention (whereas the Cross, by way of contrast, looks at me-in-my-sin) and (2) I can (it only makes sense!!) CELEBRATE God Himself. He is to be the Subject and Honored-One of the deepest parts of my soul/heart (I need a better word for “parts” - ugh). I know that this is not as practical to my system of theology, but it IS practical to my living. I do not think it is a stretch to say that, as I add this to my daily life (and once again, thank you for starting this thread!!), I and my community will begin to see the theological impact as well.
This babelling has led me to a question: are you looking for daily-life implications or system-wide, theological implications of the Res.?
David
Bigger than just that
I would like to join your desire for a resurrection of the resurrection. However, having just spent an enjoyable time studying the resurrection again, I came to a non-novel conclusion: the resurrection is more about the Father than Jesus. Most texts (maybe I missed some) speak of “GOD” raising Jesus. I wonder if our “Jesus died and rose again” phrasiology has placed the power of the resurrection solely on Jesus. Seems to rest solely on the Father.
I think it’s interesting that Jesus had such an “I point to the Father” method-of-communication while we (at least American, blaberying Christians) tend to focus solely on Jesus. Seems to parallel what we (now I speak of full-time, paid ‘pastors’) have done with the Church’s role in point towards God but now pointing towards itself. So my extension of the post is this: perhaps a study of the resurrection will not only bring the powerful episode back to our thinking, but also lead us to a different emphasis on God.